If you’ve found your way here, chances are you’re dreaming of stepping into the heart of Sri Lanka’s rich history – the incredible Polonnaruwa Ancient City. For me, visiting this UNESCO World Heritage site was the absolute highlight of my time in Sigiriya. Having already explored awe-inspiring places like Angkor Wat in Cambodia and Ayutthaya in Thailand, I knew Polonnaruwa would be another unforgettable adventure. And trust me, it didn’t disappoint. So, if you’re wondering how to get to Polonnaruwa, how to navigate its fascinating ruins, and which spots you absolutely can’t miss, you’re in the right place. Let’s dive into this easy-to-follow guide to visiting Polonnaruwa and uncover the magic of this ancient city together.
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Table of Contents
History of Polonnaruwa Ancient City
Polonnaruwa has a rich history, dating back to the 10th century. It first became prominent under the Chola dynasty from 1017 to 1070, when the Cholas invaded Sri Lanka and made Polonnaruwa their capital. During their rule, they expanded the city with temples, inscriptions, and reservoirs.
In 1070, King Vijayabahu I defeated the Cholas and restored native Sinhala rule. He made Polonnaruwa the capital of Sri Lanka, beginning a new era of prosperity.
The city’s golden age came under King Parakramabahu I (reigned 1153–1186), who unified Sri Lanka and built massive irrigation systems, including the Parakrama Samudra, a vast reservoir that supported agriculture.
Under Parakramabahu’s rule, Polonnaruwa flourished as a political, cultural, and architectural hub. The king oversaw the construction of impressive structures like the Royal Palace, Gal Vihara and other temples.
However, after Parakramabahu’s reign, Polonnaruwa’s power began to wane due to internal conflicts and invasions.
By the 14th century, the capital was moved to Kandy, and Polonnaruwa fell into decline and ruins.
Polonnaruwa was largely forgotten until the 19th century, when archaeological efforts began to uncover its ancient marvels.
Today, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, attracting visitors with its well-preserved ruins, including royal palaces, temples, statues, and reservoirs, reflecting the grandeur of Sri Lanka’s ancient civilization.
How Long Do You Need to Visit Polonnaruwa?
The amount of time you need to visit Polonnaruwa depends on how deeply you want to explore, but generally, 3 to 5 hours is a good amount of time to see the main highlights.
Here’s a rough breakdown:
Quick Visit: If you’re pressed for time or just want to see the main attractions, a visit of about 3 to 4 hours should be enough. In your guide to visiting Polonnaruwa, be sure to include must-see spots like the Gal Vihara, the Royal Palace complex, and the Parakrama Samudra reservoir.
In-Depth Exploration: For a more relaxed visit where you want to take your time, explore in more detail, and maybe even have a guided tour, 5 to 6 hours will allow you to visit more sites and absorb more of the history and culture.
If you plan on renting a bike (which is a great way to move around the vast site), you can cover more ground quickly and still enjoy your visit without feeling rushed.
One thing I want to mention in this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa is that no matter when you visit, it’s going to be hot! So, be prepared for sunshine – and probably a bit of sweat and fatigue along the way!
Getting near Polonnaruwa by Train
Traveling around Sri Lanka by train is one of the most scenic and enjoyable ways to explore the island. While Polonnaruwa itself doesn’t have a major train station, nearby towns like Habarana are accessible by rail. From there, you can take a short taxi or bus ride to the ancient city.
Trains run regularly from major hubs like Colombo, Kandy, and Ella, each offering stunning views along the way. Starting from Colombo’s Fort Railway Station, or from the cultural heart of Kandy and the misty mountain town of Ella, you’ll pass lush tea plantations, rolling hills, and charming villages.
Find the best train deals from here:
Colombo to Kandy train deals ←
Colombo to Sigiriya train deals ←
How to Get to Polonnaruwa
Getting to Polonnaruwa is easy, thanks to a variety of transport options available. Whether you prefer budget-friendly or more comfortable travel, you’ll find something that suits your needs. Here’s how you can get there:
From Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa
Getting from Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa by BUS
After talking with my host in Sigiriya and doing a little digging, here’s what I found about buses from Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa:
There are buses that go directly from Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa, but they don’t run super frequently. These buses usually pass through Inamaluwa and Habarana on the way. The ride typically takes around 1.5 to 2 hours.
You can catch the bus at the Sigiriya bus station, which is right by the entrance to Sigiriya Rock Fortress. While it’s a super affordable option, keep in mind it could take a bit longer than other ways to get there.
If you have more up-to-date info on bus schedules and routes, feel free to drop it in the comments below!
Getting from Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa by CAR
Renting a car gives you the flexibility to travel at your own pace. The roads are in good condition, and the drive typically takes 1.5 to 2 hours.
If you want more comfort and fewer worries, consider booking a private driver. After spending time in this amazing country, I can say that Sri Lankans are the most welcoming people. I’m sure the driver will be friendly and accommodating. He will make your day enjoyable, ensuring you’re happy with the itinerary and stops.
If you can’t find an option online that suits your preferences, just talk to your host. They’ll be happy to help and can arrange everything for you!
Getting from Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa by SCOOTER
If you’re not into sticking to a schedule as you would with buses or taxis, renting a scooter is a great option. In Sigiriya, you can easily find a local rental shop, and it won’t break the bank.
That’s exactly what we did while we were in Sigiriya! For about 3,000 LKR a day, we had the freedom to zip around the area. The traffic is pretty loose in this part of Sri Lanka, so we could stop wherever we wanted.
One of the highlights was when we spotted a massive elephant crossing the road on the way to Polonnaruwa. We decided to hang back at a safe distance to watch it – moments like that made the scooter ride even more memorable!
Getting from Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa by TUK TUK
Taking a tuk-tuk from Sigiriya to Polonnaruwa can be a fun and adventurous way to travel. You’ll get to enjoy the beautiful countryside views as you zip along the road.
Plan between 1.5 to 2 hours for the ride.
Day Tours to Polonnaruwa
In this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa, the day tour options are something you absolutely can’t miss. Whether you’re coming from Sigiriya, Kandy, or Dambulla, there are several convenient tours that allow you to explore the ancient city and its surrounding attractions in one day.
→ From Sigiriya. Take a day tour that combines exploring the Ancient City of Polonnaruwa with a thrilling safari in Minneriya National Park.
→ From Kandy. Experience the ancient cities of Sigiriya, Dambulla, and Polonnaruwa all in one day on this guided tour from Kandy.
→ From Dambulla. Visit Sigiriya Rock Fortress in the early morning and spend your afternoon exploring the historic Polonnaruwa ruins.
How to Get Around Polonnaruwa
Getting around Polonnaruwa is fairly easy, with several options to explore the ancient city and its surroundings. Here’s how you can get around:
On Foot: Polonnaruwa’s archaeological site is spread out, and while it’s walkable, it’s best for those who really want to explore the ruins up close. Just be sure to wear comfortable shoes since the ground can be uneven in spots. I wouldn’t necessarily recommend walking in the heat—it can get pretty hot. If you’re on a budget, though, walking could be a good option.
By Bicycle: Renting a bicycle is one of the best ways to explore Polonnaruwa. Many visitors prefer it because it’s quicker than walking but still gives you that relaxed, scenic experience. Bicycle rentals are easily available near the entrance to the museum or in town near the bus stop for a reasonable fee.
By Tuk-Tuk: If you’re looking for a more leisurely way to get around without the effort of pedaling or walking, tuk-tuks are a great option. You can hire a tuk-tuk for short trips between sites. Just make sure to agree on the fare beforehand.
By Scooter: Our favorite way to get around Polonnaruwa was by scooter. We rented one during our 3-day stay in Sigiriya and made the most of it. It was super convenient for traveling between sites in Polonnaruwa, helping us save time and explore more at our own pace.
By Car: If you prefer a local driver to guide you around, this can be an excellent choice, as they are often familiar with the best routes and historical sites.
→ Check out this private full-day tour
Best Time for Visiting Polonnaruwa
Sri Lanka has two monsoon seasons, each affecting different parts of the island at different times of the year.
When it comes to visiting Polonnaruwa, the best time to go is during the dry season in the Cultural Triangle, which usually runs from December to March. This is when you’ll find warm temperatures and very little rain – perfect for clear skies and comfortable exploring.
If you want to enjoy Polonnaruwa with fewer crowds, try arriving early in the morning or later in the afternoon. This is especially helpful if you’re visiting during the peak tourist season (from December to April).
We visited Polonnaruwa in December, right around Christmas, and got there early. We were able to take our time and explore at our own pace, but by noon, the site was already bustling with visitors. Still, the crowds didn’t take away from the experience at all!
Where to Stay in Polonnaruwa
While Polonnaruwa itself is a small town, there are several excellent accommodation options ranging from budget guesthouses to mid-range boutique hotels and a few luxury resorts in nearby areas.
Ekho Lake House. For those seeking comfort and a touch of elegance, this boutique hotel is one of the best options near Polonnaruwa. It sits right on the edge of Parakrama Samudra, offering sweeping lake views and a serene atmosphere. The colonial-style architecture and well-appointed rooms make it ideal for couples or anyone wanting a quiet, scenic stay. It’s also just 2 km from the ancient city, making it incredibly convenient for sightseeing.
Deer Park Hotel. Set within a peaceful forest setting, Deer Park Hotel is a tranquil nature resort located about 5 km from the ruins. The hotel offers spacious villas, an inviting outdoor pool, and an on-site spa. With birdsong in the background and lush greenery all around, it’s a perfect retreat for families, couples, or travelers who enjoy being surrounded by nature after a day of exploring.
Hotel Sudu Araliya. Located near the edge of Parakrama Samudra, Hotel Sudu Araliya offers a blend of comfort and convenience. It features large, air-conditioned rooms, a swimming pool, and an in-house restaurant serving both local and international cuisine. At around 3 km from the main archaeological site, it’s a solid mid-range option for families or small groups.
Siyanco Holiday Resort. This hotel is a relaxed and affordable guesthouse located about 2 km from the ruins. It offers clean, comfortable rooms set within a pleasant garden atmosphere. With friendly staff and a small restaurant on-site, it’s a great choice for couples or solo travelers looking for a quiet place to unwind after a long day of sightseeing.
Where to Stay near Polonnaruwa
Sigiriya offers a variety of accommodations, from luxury resorts to budget-friendly guesthouses. Here are some great options depending on your preference and budget:
Flower Garden Eco Village. This resort is nestled in the heart of nature. It has a great pool and restaurant and offers traditional Sri Lankan architecture, creating an authentic experience.
Fresco Water Villa. This intimate boutique hotel offers a peaceful retreat with a beautiful garden and pool. It’s a quieter, more private option with great hospitality.
Sungreen Cottage Sigiriya is a charming, budget-friendly guesthouse that offers a cozy and tranquil retreat.
We had a delightful stay in one of their tree houses, which is nestled in beautiful, lush greenery. The owners were incredibly friendly and helpful, making our experience even more enjoyable!
Do You Need to Cover Up in Polonnaruwa?
One thing I have to mention in this guide to Polonnaruwa is that you’ll need to take off your shoes before entering some temples. It’s a common practice at most cultural and religious sites in Sri Lanka. Just remember to carry your shoes with you as you explore the ruins!
If you’re not a fan of walking barefoot, you can always wear socks, but keep in mind that it can get pretty hot. So, it’s all about finding what feels most comfortable for you!
Another thing I want to mention in this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa is the importance of dressing modestly. While it’s not a religious site like a temple, Polonnaruwa is a place of cultural and historical significance, so it’s good to be mindful of your attire. Try to cover your shoulders and knees, and avoid wearing clothes that are too tight, short, or revealing.
Polonnaruwa Entrance Fees and Opening Hours
The entrance fee provides access to both the archaeological site and the museum complex. While the fees are listed in U.S. Dollars (USD), payments are made in Sri Lankan Rupees (LKR) based on the current exchange rate. The ticket office is located inside the Archaeological Museum.
Foreign Visitors: The entrance fee is $30 USD per person.
SAARC Nationals: Visitors from SAARC countries enjoy a 50% discount on the entrance fee.
Operating Hours: The site is open daily from 7:00 AM to 5:00 PM.
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An Easy-to-Follow Guide to Visiting Polonnaruwa
The Archeological Museum of Polonnaruwa
The first stop on this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa is the Archaeological Museum. Now, I know what you’re probably thinking – “A museum? Really?“ But hear me out!
It’s actually the perfect starting point for your adventure in Polonnaruwa. It’s where you’ll buy your entrance tickets, hire a guide maybe, or rent a bike for the day. So, even if you’re not a big fan of museums (I’m right there with you), trust me, it’s worth the visit.
Honestly, I was really surprised by how fascinating the museum was. It’s like a hidden treasure chest full of beautifully detailed sculptures, ancient artifacts and inscriptions. It really helps you understand the history of the city and the significance of the places you’re about to visit.
So, while it’s not huge, it gives you a deeper insight into Polonnaruwa, and I highly recommend you take some time to visit it.
Royal Palace of King Maha Parakramabahu
The first group of ruins you’ll come across after leaving the museum is the Royal Palace of King Maha Parakramabahu. Built during the reign of King Parakramabahu I (1153–1186), who is often regarded as one of Sri Lanka’s greatest rulers, this palace was once the heart of the kingdom.
At its peak, the palace was a stunning display of royal power and architectural brilliance. The structure was originally a multi-story building with walls made of brick and stone, featuring intricate carvings and elaborate designs.
Even though only the ruins remain today, it’s easy to imagine how magnificent it must have been.
We took our time exploring the area, and it was one of the highlights of our visit. There was something so peaceful about walking among the ruins, surrounded by the quiet and the lush greenery. The temperature was pleasant, and the whole place felt serene, almost like stepping back in time. It really gave us a sense of the grandeur that once was.
Council Chamber (Audience Hall)
Just a short walk from the Royal Palace, you’ll come across the beautiful Council Chamber. This is where the king must have held important meetings with his ministers, officials, and foreign dignitaries.
The structure is pretty impressive, with a large raised platform at its center. The walls are decorated with detailed carvings, and a row of stone pillars once supported a grand roof.
Standing there, it’s easy to imagine the royal court in action – officials gathered around, discussing the kingdom’s most important matters. It really brings the history to life!
The Royal Bathing Pool
Opposite the Council Chamber, you’ll find the Royal Bathing Pool, a luxury once enjoyed by the King and his court. It’s easy to overlook this spot since it’s not well-signposted, but that would be a shame.
The pool itself is quite large, with beautifully crafted stone steps leading down into the water. The architecture is elegant, featuring detailed stonework and intricate carvings around the edges.
While there isn’t much to do here, I’d definitely recommend taking a quick peek. It’s worth the visit for its serene beauty and historical charm.
Note: The three sites mentioned in this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa are all within walking distance of each other. You can easily find a shaded spot for your tuk-tuk, bike, or scooter and take your time to enjoy the area without feeling rushed.
The Sacred Quadrangle, a must when visiting Polonnaruwa
Now, it’s time to either walk or drive the 500 meters to one of the most impressive sites in Polonnaruwa. When you get there, find a shaded spot for your scooter, tuk-tuk, or bike, and get ready to be amazed.
Next to the entrance, you will come across the beautifully preserved stonework Satmahal Prasada. It stands out due to its distinct pyramid-like shape, which is quite rare in Sri Lankan architecture.
Right next to the pyramid, you will recognize the Vatadage, one of the most iconic and beautifully preserved structures in the entire city of Polonnaruwa. Originally built to house a Buddha relic, its unique circular shape was designed to symbolize protection.
As you approach, you’ll notice the outer walls adorned with delicate stone carvings and a stunning row of intricately carved pillars that once held up the roof.
But what really stands out are the four seated Buddha statues, each facing one of the cardinal directions.
Opposite to this, you will notice the Hatadage, which is a bit different in design. This structure is believed to have been built by King Nissanka Malla in the 12th century to house a sacred relic of the Buddha, similar to the Vatadage.
The Sacred Quadrangle is a peaceful and powerful sight, and I found myself standing there for a while, just taking in the beauty and history of the place.
Note. Remember to remove your shoes when visiting the temples.
Rankot Vihara
After refreshing with a cold drink, it’s time to move on, walking or driving 1.3 kilometers to another stunning spot.
One of the most impressive places in this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa is definitely Rankot Vihara. Standing over 50 meters tall, this stupa is massive and remains one of the best-preserved stupas in the entire ancient city.
You’ll need to walk a bit to reach it after parking, but the path leading there is lovely and peaceful.
The moment I reached the stupa, I couldn’t help but be in awe of the immense effort and craftsmanship that went into creating such a colossal structure. It’s truly a sight to behold.
The Lankatikala Temple
One of the most impressive temples in this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa is definitely the Lankatilaka Temple. Built during the reign of King Parakramabahu I, it was originally designed as a Buddhist temple and is still considered one of the most significant structures in Polonnaruwa today.
What really sets this temple apart is its sheer size. The central Buddha statue here is massive and the scale of the temple is still incredible. You can’t help but feel a sense of awe when you’re standing there.
What really struck me was the peacefulness of the place. Despite the crowds of people around, there’s a calmness inside the temple’s remains that’s hard to describe. It’s easy to imagine how grand it must have been back in the day.
Kiri Vehera Stupa
Another hidden gem worth mentioning in this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa is the stunning Kiri Vehera Stupa. Built by King Parakramabahu I in the 12th century, it’s one of the best-preserved stupas in the region and remains an active place of worship today.
What really stands out about Kiri Vehera is its pristine, whitewashed exterior. The stupa’s smooth, rounded shape towers against the backdrop of lush greenery. There’s something spiritually charged about the place, and it’s easy to feel a deep sense of calm here.
It’s a lovely spot to stroll around, take in the intricate architecture and carvings, and enjoy the tranquil surroundings.
Alahana Pirivena
In the same complex as Kiri Vehera and Lankatilaka Temple, you will come across Alahana Pirivena. This ancient monastic complex was once a thriving center of Buddhist learning and meditation.
The ruins of the monastic buildings are scattered across a wide area, with remnants of ancient structures still standing.
It feels less crowded than some of the other sites in Polonnaruwa, which adds to its charm and serenity.
Gal Viharaya
Last on this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa is Gal Viharaya. This extraordinary site is home to a group of stunning Buddha statues, each meticulously carved into a massive granite rock face.
The highlight of Gal Viharaya is the impressive reclining Buddha statue, stretching about 14 meters in length. Its serene expression and graceful posture are truly awe-inspiring. In addition to the reclining Buddha, you’ll also find two standing Buddha statues and one seated Buddha, each carved with incredible precision and detail.
Gal Viharaya is one of the most iconic and breathtaking sites and a must-see for anyone visiting the ancient city of Polonnaruwa.
Map of the Best Places to Visit in Polonnaruwa
Underneath, you’ll find a customized map of the places mentioned in this guide to Polonnaruwa. This interactive map lets you zoom in or out, move around, and click icons. To view a larger map, click on the frame in the upper right corner. The Google Maps app will open, and you can check all the details. To save it, click the star icon next to the map’s name, then access it later in Google Maps under ‘Saved.’ I hope it helps!
A Guide to Visiting Polonnaruwa – Things to Know
Here are some essential tips to help you make the most of your visit to Polonnaruwa:
Dress Modestly: As a cultural and religious site, it’s important to cover your shoulders and knees, especially when visiting temples and sacred areas.
Take Off Your Shoes: You’ll need to remove your shoes before entering temples or sacred spaces. Wear sandals that are easy to slip on and off, or carry your shoes with you.
Stay Hydrated and Comfortable: The heat can be intense, particularly during the dry season. Bring water, wear comfortable clothing, and don’t forget sunscreen and a hat.
Respectful Photography: Always ask permission before taking photos of people. Avoid taking pictures with your back to Buddha statues, as it’s considered disrespectful in Buddhist culture.
Explore by Scooter or Bike: The archaeological sites are spread out, and renting a scooter or bike is a great way to explore at your own pace while having fun.
Timing Matters: To avoid crowds and the hottest part of the day, visit in the early morning or late afternoon. The sites will be less crowded and the temperatures more comfortable.
Carry Cash: Keep some cash on hand for small purchases at local shops, as some places may not accept cards.
Take Your Time: Polonnaruwa has a lot to offer, so give yourself enough time to explore the ruins and soak in the history without feeling rushed.
Consider Hiring a Guide: A guide can enrich your experience with detailed insights into the history and significance of the sites, making your visit even more memorable.
Conclusion of This Guide to Visiting Polonnaruwa
Visiting Polonnaruwa on a scooter was hands down one of the best decisions we made. It gave us the freedom to explore at our own pace and really soak in all the incredible sights.
The medieval city is spread out, so having a scooter made getting from one site to another quick and easy, especially with the Sri Lankan heat. We didn’t feel rushed on this day trip from Sigiriya.
The traffic in this part of Sri Lanka is pretty relaxed, so riding around was comfortable. Plus, we could stop whenever something caught our eye – whether it was a stunning view or a cozy spot for a refreshing break.
It was the perfect way to experience the ruins of Polonnaruwa, and I wouldn’t have done it any other way!
Sri Lanka Related Posts
I hope this guide to visiting Polonnaruwa helped you with your planning.
If you’re considering visiting other places and need help with your itinerary, please check out my articles!
HOW TO BOOK TRAINS IN SRI LANKA – A COMPLETE GUIDE
HOW TO SPEND THE PERFECT ONE DAY IN COLOMBO
10 AMAZING THINGS TO DO IN SIGIRIYA
HOW TO MAKE THE MOST OF ONE DAY IN KANDY
A QUICK GUIDE TO THE KANDY TO ELLA TRAIN
VISITING THE NINE ARCH BRIDGE IN ELLA
Happy travels,
Lizy
